1. JOB TITLE
A
job title is the name of the position you hold at your company, typically
associated with a specific set of tasks and responsibilities. A job title often
denotes a person's level of seniority within a company or department. Usually
it stated in an offer letter or resume.
2. WAGES
Wages
is defined as basic wages and all other payments due under contract of service.
It is excluded annual bonus, overtime payment, commission, subsistence
allowance and travelling allowances. The
increase in the minimum monthly wage under the 2020 Order to RM1,200 per month
in major cities in Malaysia was announced during the 2020 Malaysian Budget. In
addition, the 2020 Order increases the minimum monthly wage for the other parts
of the country by RM50 to RM1,100.
3. NORMAL WORKING HOURS
The
Malaysian Employment Act defines the workweek as 48 hours. This provision was
made at the time when most employees in Malaysia work for 6 days a week, so,
they’re required to work only 8 hours a day maximum. There are special
restrictions, considered to be protection provisions, for women in the
industrial or agricultural sector.
4. RETIREMENT AGE
The
retirement age is the age at which a person is expected or required to cease
work and is usually the age at which they may be entitled to receive
superannuation or other government benefits as example, pensions. The Minimum
Retirement Age Act 2012 (MRA Act) stating that the minimum retirement age of an
employee shall be the age of 60 years old. The MRA Act applies to all employers
and employees in the private sector throughout Malaysia.
5. TRIPARTITE
Tripartite
is recognized as a tripartite system and is made up of 3 groups and Ministry of
Human Resources act as a president. His role is to oversee the overall development
of discussion. This includes employers and their organizations, employees and
their unions and Government. Role of employers and their organizations
are to
negotiate and deal with trade unions of employees and to represent their
members in any trade dispute between an individual member and employee’s union.
The government as the legislator through parliament. Their
role is to equip the unemployed with basic industrial skills and to improve the
skill level of the workforce and to assist in maximizing country’s manpower
resources through manpower planning.
6. MEF
Malaysian
Employers Federation (MEF) is the central organization of private sector
employers in Malaysia recognized nationally, regionally and internationally.
Established in 1959, MEF promotes and safeguards the rights and interests of
employers. MEF provides a forum for consultation and discussion among members
on matters of common interest, and seeks for the adoption of sound principles
and practices of human resource and industrial relations through information,
advice, research and information, training and other activities.
7. OSHA
The
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 is a US labor law governing the federal
law of occupational health and safety in the private sector and federal
government in the United States. Its main goal is to ensure that employers
provide employees with an environment free from recognized hazards, such as
exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat
or cold stress, or unsanitary conditions.
8. ACCOUNT 2 OF EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT
FUND (EPF).
The
EPF is a compulsory savings scheme for employees so that they will have
sufficient funds in their post-retirement years. The first account, dubbed
"Account I", stores 70% of the members' monthly contribution, while
the second account, dubbed "Account II", stores 30%. Account I
restrict withdrawals to the moment the member reaches an age of 50 years, to boost
retirement fund by investment in unit trust, is incapacitated, leaves the
country or passes away. Withdrawal of savings from Account II however, is
permitted for down payments or loan settlements for a member's first house,
finances for education and medical expenses, investments, and the time when the
member reaches 55 years of age.
9. TRADE UNIONS.
The
legal definition of “Trade Union” in the Trade Unions Act has implications are
membership of a union is limited to workers working in Peninsular Malaysia, or Sabah
or Sarawak and Unions with membership from a variety of industries not
permitted. Other than that, the employers can form unions. The purposes of
Trade Union are to promote the economic, social and educational welfare of
their members and to protect the rights of their members at the workplace.
10. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING.
Collective
bargaining is a process of negotiation between employers and a group of
employees aimed at agreements to regulate working salaries, working conditions,
benefits, and other aspects of workers' compensation and rights for workers.
The interests of the employees are commonly presented by representatives of a
trade union to which the employees belong. The collective agreements reached by
these negotiations usually set out wage scales, working hours, training, health
and safety, overtime, grievance mechanisms, and rights to participate in
workplace or company affairs.
